The Digital Racing Alliance of Western Washington is a fairly young club. We really only started in early 2011 and have only raced one series so far, just about to begin our next, along with "fun" race meets and IROC racing. As such, our "rules" are still very fluid as we try different things to see what works best for us. One of the most fluid rules is how we deal with de-slots. Because each track in the group is different in its own way, each one has slightly different rules. The rules can also change depending on how many people are there.
At my track, as long as we have one extra person, that person can stand in the crook of my L-shaped table, which happens to be within easy reach of most de-slot points. That one person can easily manage the majority of offs. When we have that marshal, we usually run with "crash and pit" rules. If you come off, the marshal puts you back on as quickly as possible without pausing or slowing down the race. The drivers that came off, no matter the cause, then have to stop in the pit lane for a penalty. In most cases, that's a two second penalty. Without software to control that, we require the drivers to stop, say "One Mississippi Two Mississippi" before they can leave the pit lane. The race is then "back on" for those drivers.
If we don't have an extra, or if we are at another track where active marshaling is not possible due to crashes that require long grabber tools to reach, we use the Auto Track Call feature in SSDC to trigger a track call after two seconds. That delay is the penalty for the crashers, and is usually quite enough, especially if the driver doesn't remember to release his trigger right when they crash.
The race is paused with a complete stop, and all crashers are put back on, and then the track call is canceled.
Between the two types, I much prefer active marshaling with a stop and go penalty for the crashers. This method doesn't stop the race nearly as much, making race nights much more fun for all, and much more efficiently run. Track calling every lap (or more!) because of offs really slows things down. If there were a good way to re-slot a car on a difficult to reach track without getting in the way of other drivers, I'd like to hear it.
Speaking of crashers, we treat anyone out of the slot the same way, whether it was a one car crash, or a 6 car pile up. If you're out of the slot, you take the penalty along with anyone else. This may seem heavy handed, but without an objective party watching every car/corner/crash to be able to say who caused it, it's too hard to be sure. Many will take responsibility for a crash, but sometimes even the drivers can't tell if they nerfed a guy on their outside, or if that guy just took the corner too fast, and these are the most common types of crashes, the second being lane changes. So, any car out of the slot, for any reason, is a crasher and takes whatever penalty is appropriate for the night. Sometimes that's the track call delay, sometimes that's a stop and go.
At my track, as long as we have one extra person, that person can stand in the crook of my L-shaped table, which happens to be within easy reach of most de-slot points. That one person can easily manage the majority of offs. When we have that marshal, we usually run with "crash and pit" rules. If you come off, the marshal puts you back on as quickly as possible without pausing or slowing down the race. The drivers that came off, no matter the cause, then have to stop in the pit lane for a penalty. In most cases, that's a two second penalty. Without software to control that, we require the drivers to stop, say "One Mississippi Two Mississippi" before they can leave the pit lane. The race is then "back on" for those drivers.
If we don't have an extra, or if we are at another track where active marshaling is not possible due to crashes that require long grabber tools to reach, we use the Auto Track Call feature in SSDC to trigger a track call after two seconds. That delay is the penalty for the crashers, and is usually quite enough, especially if the driver doesn't remember to release his trigger right when they crash.

Between the two types, I much prefer active marshaling with a stop and go penalty for the crashers. This method doesn't stop the race nearly as much, making race nights much more fun for all, and much more efficiently run. Track calling every lap (or more!) because of offs really slows things down. If there were a good way to re-slot a car on a difficult to reach track without getting in the way of other drivers, I'd like to hear it.
Speaking of crashers, we treat anyone out of the slot the same way, whether it was a one car crash, or a 6 car pile up. If you're out of the slot, you take the penalty along with anyone else. This may seem heavy handed, but without an objective party watching every car/corner/crash to be able to say who caused it, it's too hard to be sure. Many will take responsibility for a crash, but sometimes even the drivers can't tell if they nerfed a guy on their outside, or if that guy just took the corner too fast, and these are the most common types of crashes, the second being lane changes. So, any car out of the slot, for any reason, is a crasher and takes whatever penalty is appropriate for the night. Sometimes that's the track call delay, sometimes that's a stop and go.